Session+13

Session 13

The Legalities of the Web 2.0 World

Image by [|Tae Sandoval Murgan] Vyew Session Link:[|Digital Responsibility]

Key Terms:

[|AUP] - acronym for Acceptable Use Policy; set of rules applied by network and website owners which restrict the ways in which the network or site may be used; often to reduce the potential for legal action that may be taken by a user, and often with little prospect of enforcement ([|Wikipedia]).

[|CIPA] - acronym for Children's Internet Protection Act; one of a number of bills that the United States Congress has proposed in an attempt to limit children's exposure to pornography and explicit content online; introduced in 1999 and became a law in 2000 ([|Wikipedia]).

[|Code of Best Practices] - five principles that represent the media literacy education community’s current consensus about acceptable practices for the fair use of copyrighted materials, wherever and however it occurs: in K–12 education, in higher education, in nonprofit organizations that offer programs for children and youth, and in adult education.

[|COPPA] - Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998; effective April 21, 2000, applies to the online collection of personal information by persons or entities under U.S. jurisdiction from children under 13 years of age. It details what a website operator must include in a privacy policy, when and how to seek verifiable consent from a parent or guardian, and what responsibilities an operator has to protect children's privacy and safety online including restrictions on the marketing to those under 13 ([|Wikipedia]).

[|Copyright] - form of intellectual property which gives the creator of an original work exclusive rights for a certain time period in relation to that work, including its publication, distribution and adaptation; after which time the work is said to enter the public domain. Copyright applies to any expressible form of an idea or information that is substantive and discrete. Some jurisdictions also recognise "moral rights" of the creator of a work, such as the right to be credited for the work. The intent of copyright is to allow authors to have control of and profit from their works, thus encouraging them to create new works and to aid the flow of ideas and learning ([|Wikipedia]).

[|Creative Commons] - founded by [|Lawrence Lessig]; non-profit organizaion devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share. The organization has released several copyright licenses known as Creative Commons licenses. These licenses allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of other creators ([|Wikipedia]).

[|Digital Responsibility] - those freedoms extended to every student, administrator, teacher, parent or community member. Just as in the American Constitution where there is a Bill of Rights, there is a basic set of rights extended to every digital citizen. Digital citizens have the right to privacy, free speech, etc. Basic digital rights must be addressed, discussed, and understood in the school district ([|Digital Citizenship]).

[|Fair Use] - doctrine in United States copyright law that allows limited use of copyrighted material without requiring permission from the rights holders, such as use for scholarship or review. It provides for the legal, non-licensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test ([|Wikipedia]).

Primary Resources - Primary resources provide firsthand evidence of historical events. They are generally unpublished materials such as manuscripts, photographs, maps, artifacts, audio and video recordings, oral histories, postcards, and posters ([|UCLA Institute on Primary Resources]).

[|Public Domain] - range of abstract materials — commonly referred to as intellectual property — which are not owned or controlled by anyone. The term indicates that these materials are therefore "public property", and available for anyone to use for any purpose. The public domain can be defined in contrast to several forms of intellectual property; the public domain in contrast to copyrighted works is different from the public domain in contrast to trademarks or patented works ([|Wikipedia]).

Transformativeness - concept used in United States copyright law to describe a characteristic of some derivative works that makes them transcend or place in a new light the underlying works on which they are based. In computer- and Internet-related works, the transformative characteristic of the later work is that it provides the public with a benefit not previously available to it, which would otherwise remain unavailable. Such transformativeness weighs heavily in a fair use analysis and may excuse what seems a clear copyright infringement from liability ([|Wikipedia]).

Digital Citizenship in Depth